S32205 Duplex 2205 simbi isina tsvina yemakemikari kuumbwa Kufuridzira kwecapillary kureba pane hunhu hwezvakatipoteredza refrigerant R152a mumafiriji emumba.

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Masiraidhi anoratidza zvinyorwa zvitatu pane siraidhi.Shandisa mabhatani ekumashure neanotevera kufamba nemumasiraidhi, kana mabhatani ekudzora masiraidhi ari kumagumo kuti ufambe nemumasiraidhi ega ega.

Zvinotsanangurwa - Duplex 2205

• ASTM: A790, A815, A182
• ASME: SA790, SA815, SA182

Kemikari Inoumbwa - Duplex 2205

Zvakajairika Zvishandiso - Duplex 2205

Zvimwe zvezvakajairwa zvekushandisa duplex simbi giredhi 2205 zvakanyorwa pazasi:

• Heat exchanger, machubhu uye pombi yekugadzira uye kubata gasi neoiri
• Kupisa kunopisa uye mapaipi muzvinomera zvekubvisa salination
• Zvikepe zvekumanikidza, mapaipi, matangi uye zvinopisa zvinopisa zvekugadzirisa uye kutakura kwemakemikari akasiyana-siyana
• Zvikepe zvekumanikidza, matangi uye mapaipi mumaindasitiri anoshanda anobata ma chlorides
• Rotor, mafeni, shafts uye anodhinda rolls uko iyo yakakwira corrosion kuneta simba inogona kushandiswa.
• Cargo matangi, pombi uye welding zvinodyiwa zvemakemikari matangi

Zvinhu Zvenyama

Izvo zvemuviri zvimiro zvegiredhi 2205 simbi isina tsvina zvakarongwa pazasi.

Kudziya kwemba uye kutonhora masisitimu kazhinji anoshandisa capillary zvishandiso.Kushandiswa kwespiral capillaries kunobvisa kudiwa kwemidziyo isina kuremerwa yefiriji muhurongwa.Capillary pressure inonyanya kuenderana nematanho eiyo capillary geometry, senge kureba, avhareji dhayamita uye chinhambwe pakati pavo.Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa pamhedzisiro ye capillary kureba pane system performance.Matatu capillaries ehurefu hwakasiyana akashandiswa mukuedza.Iyo data yeR152a yakaongororwa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana kuti iongorore mhedzisiro yehurefu hwakasiyana.Kunyanya kushanda kunowanikwa pane evaporator tembiricha ye -12 ° C uye capillary kureba 3.65 m.Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti kushanda kwegadziriro kunowedzera nekuwedzera capillary urefu kusvika 3.65 m zvichienzaniswa ne3.35 m uye 3.96 m.Nokudaro, kana urefu hwe capillary hunowedzera nehuwandu, kushanda kwegadziriro kunowedzera.Migumisiro yekuedza yakaenzaniswa nemigumisiro yekuongorora kwekombutational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Firiji mudziyo wefiriji unosanganisira insulated compartment, uye firiji system igadziriro inogadzira kutonhora kwemukati mune insulated compartment.Kutonhodza kunotsanangurwa senzira yekubvisa kupisa kubva panzvimbo kana chinhu uye kuendesa kupisa ikoko kune imwe nzvimbo kana chinhu.Mafiriji ave kushandiswa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza chikafu chinoparara pane ambient tembiricha, kuparara kubva mukukura kwebhakitiriya uye mamwe maitiro anononoka mufiriji yakaderera.Mafiriji ari kushanda zvinwiwa zvinoshandiswa semazino ekupisa kana mafiriji mumafiriji maitiro.Mafiriji anounganidza kupisa nekubuda pamhepo yakaderera uye kudzvanywa uye anokonesa patembiricha yepamusoro uye kumanikidza, achiburitsa kupisa.Imba yacho inoita seiri kutonhora sezvo kupisa kunobuda mufiriji.Iko kutonhora kunoitika muhurongwa hunosanganisira compressor, condenser, capillary tubes uye evaporator.Mafiriji ndiyo midziyo yefiriji inoshandiswa muchidzidzo ichi.Mafiriji anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose, uye mudziyo uyu wava chinhu chinodiwa nemhuri.Mafiriji emazuva ano anoshanda zvikuru, asi tsvakurudzo yekuvandudza hurongwa ichiri kuenderera mberi.Chinhu chikuru chakashata cheR134a ndechekuti haizivikanwe kuti ine chepfu asi ine yakakwirira kwazvo Global Warming Potential (GWP).R134a yemafiriji emumba yakaverengerwa muKyoto Protocol yeUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change1,2.Nekudaro, saka, kushandiswa kweR134a kunofanirwa kuderedzwa zvakanyanya3.Kubva pane zvakatipoteredza, mari uye hutano maonero, zvakakosha kuwana yakaderera global warming4 refrigerants.Zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvakaratidza kuti R152a ine hushamwari hwefiriji.Mohanraj et al.5 vakaongorora mukana wekufungidzira wekushandisa R152a nemafiriji ehydrocarbon mumafiriji epamba.MaHydrocarbons akawanikwa asingashande semafiriji anomira ega.R152a inonyanya kushanda nesimba uye ine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza kupfuura phase-out refrigerants.Bolaji nevamwe6.Kuita kwemafiriji matatu ane hushamwari hweHFC kwakafananidzwa mufiriji yekumanikidza mhute.Vakagumisa kuti R152a inogona kushandiswa mumhepo yekumanikidza masisitimu uye inogona kutsiva R134a.R32 ine zvayakaipira senge yakakwira voltage uye yakaderera coefficient yekuita (COP).Bolaji et al.7 yakaedza R152a uye R32 sechinzvimbo cheR134a mumafiriji emumba.Zvinoenderana nezvidzidzo, avhareji yekushanda kweR152a ndeye 4.7% yakakwira kupfuura iyo yeR134a.Cabello et al.yakaedzwa R152a uye R134a mumidziyo yefiriji ine hermetic compressors.8. Bolaji et al9 vakaedza R152a refrigerant mufiriji systems.Vakagumisa kuti R152a ndiyo yainyanya kushandisa simba, iine 10.6% shoma yekutonhodza patani pane yapfuura R134a.R152a inoratidza yakakwira volumetric kutonhora kugona uye kugona.Chavkhan et al.10 vakaongorora maitiro eR134a uye R152a.Muchidzidzo chemafiriji maviri, R152a yakaonekwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kushandisa simba.R152a ndeye 3.769% inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura R134a uye inogona kushandiswa seyakananga kutsiva.Bolaji et al.11 vakaongorora mafiriji akasiyana-siyana akaderera-GWP seanotsiva R134a mumafiriji masisitimu nekuda kwekuderera kwekudziya kwepasirese.Pakati pemafiriji akaongororwa, R152a ine simba guru rekushanda, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi patani yefiriji ne30,5% kana ichienzaniswa neR134a.Sekureva kwevanyori, iyo R161 inoda kugadzirwa patsva isati yashandiswa sekutsiva.Basa rakasiyana-siyana rekuyedza rakaitwa nevazhinji vaongorori vemufiriji mudzimba kuti vavandudze mashandiro epasi-GWP uye R134a-yakasanganiswa mafiriji masisitimu sekutsiva kuri kuuya mumafiriji masisitimu12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 Baskaran et al.24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 vakadzidza mashandiro emafiriji akati wandei ane ushamwari uye kusanganiswa kwawo neR134a seimwe nzira inogona kubatsira. akasiyana vapor compression miedzo.System.Tiwari et al.36 yakashandisa zviedzo uye kuongorora kweCFD kuenzanisa kushanda kwecapillary tubes ane mafiriji akasiyana uye madhayamita echubhu.Shandisa ANSYS CFX software yekuongorora.Iyo yakanakisa spiral coil dhizaini inokurudzirwa.Punia et al.16 akaongorora mhedzisiro yehurefu hwecapillary, dhayamita uye dhayamita yecoil pakuyerera kwehuwandu hweLPG refrigerant kuburikidza nekoiri inotenderera.Maererano nemigumisiro yekudzidza, kugadzirisa urefu hwe capillary muhupamhi kubva ku 4.5 kusvika ku 2.5 m inobvumira kuwedzera kuyerera kwehuwandu neavhareji ye25%.Söylemez et al.16 vakaita ongororo yeCFD yeimba yefiriji freshness compartment (DR) vachishandisa mhando nhatu dzakasiyana dzine mhirizhonga (viscous) kuti vawane nzwisiso yekumhanya kwekutonhodza kwekamuri yekutsva uye kugovera tembiricha mumhepo uye mukamuri panguva yekurodha.Kufembera kweiyo yakagadziridzwa CFD modhi inoratidza zvakajeka mafambiro emhepo uye tembiricha minda mukati meFFC.
Ichi chinyorwa chinokurukura migumisiro yeongororo yekuongorora kuti ione kushanda kwemafiriji emumba achishandisa R152a refrigerant, iyo inoshamwaridzana nemhoteredzo uye isina ngozi ye ozone depletion potential (ODP).
Muchidzidzo ichi, 3.35 m, 3.65 m uye 3.96 m capillaries akasarudzwa senzvimbo dzekuedza.Miedzo yakazoitwa nekudziya kwepasi rose R152a refrigerant uye ma parameter ekushanda akaverengerwa.Maitiro efiriji mune capillary akaongororwa zvakare uchishandisa iyo CFD software.Migumisiro yeCFD yakaenzaniswa nemigumisiro yekuedza.
Sezvinoratidzwa paMufananidzo 1, unogona kuona mufananidzo wefiriji yemumba ine 185 litres inoshandiswa pakudzidza.Iyo ine evaporator, iyo hermetic inodzosera compressor uye inotonhorera-inotonhorera condenser.Mageji mana ekumanikidza akaiswa pane compressor inlet, condenser inlet uye evaporator yekubuda.Kudzivirira vibration panguva yekuyedzwa, mamita aya akaiswa mapaneru.Kuti uverenge tembiricha ye thermocouple, waya dzese dze thermocouple dzakabatanidzwa kune thermocouple scanner.Zvishandiso gumi zvekuyera tembiricha zvakaiswa pane evaporator inlet, compressor suction, compressor discharge, firiji compartment uye inlet, condenser inlet, freezer compartment uye condenser outlet.Iko magetsi uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ano kunoshumwa zvakare.A flowmeter yakabatana nechikamu chepombi inogadziriswa pabhodhi rehuni.Marekodhi anochengetwa masekonzi gumi ega ega uchishandisa Human Machine Interface (HMI) unit.Girazi rekuona rinoshandiswa kutarisa kufanana kwekuyerera kwe condensate.
A Selec MFM384 ammeter ine voltage yekupinza ye100-500 V yakashandiswa kuyera simba uye simba.A system service port inoiswa pamusoro pecompressor yekuchaja uye recharging refrigerant.Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekubvisa hunyoro kubva muhurongwa kuburikidza nechiteshi chebasa.Kuti ubvise chero kusvibiswa kubva muhurongwa, shandisa iyo nitrogen.Iyo sisitimu inobhadhariswa uchishandisa vacuum pombi, iyo inobvisa iyo unit kune kumanikidza kwe -30 mmHg.Tafura 1 inodonongodza maitiro emumba firiji test rig, uye Tafura 2 inodonongodza zviyero zvakayerwa, pamwe nemhando uye nekururama.
Hunhu hwemafiriji anoshandiswa mumafiriji epamba uye mafiriza anoratidzwa muTafura 3.
Kuedzwa kwakaitwa maererano nekurudziro ye ASHRAE Handbook 2010 pasi pemamiriro anotevera:
Pamusoro pezvo, kana zvikaitika, macheki akaitwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuberekazve kwemhedzisiro.Chero bedzi mamiriro ekushanda anoramba akadzikama, tembiricha, kudzvanywa, kuyerera kwefiriji uye kushandiswa kwesimba kunonyorwa.Tembiricha, kudzvanywa, simba, simba uye kuyerera zvinoyerwa kuona maitiro ehurongwa.Tsvaga iyo yekutonhodza mhedzisiro uye kugona kune chaiyo kuyerera kwehuwandu uye simba pane yakapihwa tembiricha.
Uchishandisa CFD kuongorora maviri-chikamu kuyerera mune yepamba firiji spiral coil, mhedzisiro yecapillary kureba inogona kuverengerwa nyore.CFD ongororo inoita kuti zvive nyore kuronda mafambiro ezvimedu zvemvura.Iyo firiji ichipfuura nemukati meiyo spiral coil yakaongororwa pachishandiswa chirongwa cheCFD FLUENT.Tafura 4 inoratidza zviyero zve capillary coils.
Iyo FLUENT software mesh simulator ichagadzira chimiro chekugadzira modhi uye mesh (Figure 2, 3 uye 4 inoratidza iyo ANSYS Fluent vhezheni).Iyo fluid volume yepombi inoshandiswa kugadzira muganhu mesh.Iri ndiro grid rinoshandiswa pachidzidzo ichi.
Iyo CFD modhi yakagadzirwa uchishandisa iyo ANSYS FLUENT chikuva.Iyo chete inofamba yemvura yakasikwa inomiririrwa, saka kuyerera kwega yega capillary serpentine inoenzanisirwa maererano nehupamhi hwe capillary.
Iyo GEOMETRY modhi yakaunzwa kunze muchirongwa che ANSYS MESH.ANSYS inonyora kodhi apo ANSYS musanganiswa wemamodhi uye akawedzera mamiriro emuganhu.Pamusoro pemuonde.4 inoratidza pombi-3 (3962.4 mm) modhi mu ANSYS FLUENT.Zvinhu zveTetrahedral zvinopa kufanana kwepamusoro, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 5. Mushure mekugadzira mesh huru, faira inochengetwa semesh.Divi rekoiri rinonzi inlet, ukuwo divi rakatarisana rakatarisa panobuda napo.Izvi zviso zvakatenderera zvinoponeswa semadziro epombi.Liquid media inoshandiswa kugadzira mhando.
Zvisinei nekuti mushandisi anonzwa sei nezvekumanikidzwa, mhinduro yakasarudzwa uye sarudzo ye3D yakasarudzwa.Formula yekugadzira magetsi yaitwa.
Kana kuyerera kuchinzi kwakashata, kwakanyanya kusiri-mutsara.Naizvozvo, kuyerera kweK-epsilon kwakasarudzwa.
Kana imwe yakasarudzwa nemushandisi yakasarudzwa, nharaunda ichave: Inotsanangura iyo thermodynamic zvimiro zveR152a refrigerant.Mafomu maitiro anochengetwa sezvinhu zve database.
Mamiriro ekunze anoramba asina kuchinja.Inlet velocity yakatemwa, kumanikidzwa kwe12.5 bar uye tembiricha ye45 ° C yakatsanangurwa.
Pakupedzisira, pagumi neshanu iteration, mhinduro inoedzwa uye inoshandura pagumi neshanu iteration, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 7.
Inzira yekugadzira mepu uye kuongorora mhedzisiro.Plot kudzvanywa uye tembiricha data loops uchishandisa Monitor.Mushure meizvozvo, iyo yakazara kumanikidza uye tembiricha uye general tembiricha paramita inotarwa.Idzi data rinoratidza kudonhedzwa kwedziviriro yese pamakoiri (1, 2 uye 3) munhamba 1 uye 2. 7, 8 uye 9 zvakateerana.Iyi mibairo yakatorwa kubva murunaway program.
Pamusoro pemuonde.10 inoratidza shanduko yekushanda kwehurefu hwakasiyana hwekubuda uye capillary.Sezvinoonekwa, kugona kunowedzera nekuwedzera evaporation tembiricha.Iyo yepamusoro uye yakaderera inoshanda yakawanikwa painosvika capillary spans ye 3.65 m uye 3.96 m.Kana urefu hwe capillary huchiwedzerwa nehumwe huwandu, kubudirira kuchaderera.
Shanduko yekutonhodza simba nekuda kwemazinga akasiyana eevaporation tembiricha uye capillary kureba inoratidzwa mufig.11. Iyo capillary effect inotungamirira pakuderera kwehutano hwekutonhora.Iko kutonhora kudiki kunowanikwa panzvimbo yekuvira ye -16°C.Kutonhodza kukuru kunoonekwa mumacapillaries ane hurefu hunosvika 3.65 m uye tembiricha ye -12°C.
Pamusoro pemuonde.12 inoratidza kutsamira kwesimba re compressor pane capillary kureba uye evaporation tembiricha.Mukuwedzera, girafu rinoratidza kuti simba rinodzikira nekuwedzera capillary kureba uye kudzikira evaporation tembiricha.Pamhepo inoputika ye -16 ° C, simba repasi re compressor rinowanikwa ne capillary urefu hwe 3.96 m.
Data rekuedza riripo rakashandiswa kuona mhedzisiro yeCFD.Muyedzo iyi, iwo maparamendi ekuisa anoshandiswa kuyedza simulation anoiswa kune iyo CFD simulation.Migumisiro inowanikwa inofananidzwa nekukosha kwe static pressure.Mhedzisiro yakawanikwa inoratidza kuti iyo static pressure yekubuda kubva mucapillary ishoma pane pamusuwo wechubhu.Mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidza kuti kuwedzera kureba kwecapillary kune imwe muganhu kunoderedza kudonha kwekumanikidza.Mukuwedzera, iyo yakaderedzwa static pressure inodonha pakati pekupinda uye kubuda kwe capillary inowedzera kushanda kweiyo firiji system.Izvo zvakawanikwa zveCFD zvawanikwa zviri muchibvumirano chakanaka nemhedzisiro yekuedza iripo.Migumisiro yekuedza inoratidzwa muMifananidzo 1 uye 2. 13, 14, 15 uye 16. Matatu capillaries ehurefu hwakasiyana akashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi.Hurefu hwechubhu i3.35m, 3.65m uye 3.96m.Yakaonekwa kuti iyo static pressure inodonha pakati pecapillary inlet uye kubuda yakawedzera apo urefu hwechubhu hwakachinjwa kuva 3.35m.Uyewo cherechedza kuti kubuda kwemhepo mu capillary kunowedzera nekukura kwepombi ye 3.35 m.
Mukuwedzera, kudonha kwemhepo pakati pekupinza uye kubuda kwe capillary kunoderera sezvo kukura kwepombi kunowedzera kubva 3.35 kusvika 3.65 m.Izvo zvakaonekwa kuti kudzvinyirira pakubuda kwecapillary kwakadonha zvakanyanya pakubuda.Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kubudirira kunowedzera nehurefu hwe capillary.Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera urefu hwepombi kubva ku 3.65 kusvika ku 3.96 m zvakare kunoderedza kudonha kwekumanikidza.Zvakaonekwa kuti pamusoro pehurefu uhwu kudonha kwekumanikidza kunodonha pasi peiyo optimum level.Izvi zvinoderedza COP yefiriji.Nokudaro, iyo static pressure loops inoratidza kuti 3.65 m capillary inopa zvakanakisisa kushanda mufiriji.Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera kwekudzvinyirira kudonha kunowedzera kushandiswa kwesimba.
Kubva pamhedzisiro yekuyedza, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kutonhora kweiyo R152a refrigerant inoderera nekuwedzera kwepombi kureba.Koiri yekutanga ine simba repamusoro rekutonhodza (-12°C) uye coil yechitatu ine kutonhodza kwakadzikira (-16°C).Kunyanya kushanda zvakanaka kunowanikwa pane evaporator tembiricha ye -12 °C uye capillary kureba kwe3.65 m.Iyo compressor simba inodzikira nekuwedzera capillary kureba.Iyo compressor simba rekuisa inonyanyisa pane evaporator tembiricha ye -12 °C uye shoma pa -16 °C.Enzanisa CFD uye yakadzika kudzvinyirira kuverenga kwe capillary kureba.Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mamiriro acho akafanana mune zvose zviri zviviri.Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti kushanda kwegadziriro kunowedzera sezvo kureba kwecapillary kunowedzera kusvika 3.65 m kana ichienzaniswa ne3.35 m uye 3.96 m.Nokudaro, kana urefu hwe capillary hunowedzera nehuwandu, kushanda kwegadziriro kunowedzera.
Kunyangwe kushandiswa kweCFD kune indasitiri yekupisa uye zvidyarwa zvemagetsi kuchavandudza manzwisisiro edu emasimba uye fizikisi yekupisa kwekuongorora mashandiro, zvipimo zvinoda kuvandudzwa kwekukurumidza, nyore, uye isingadhure nzira dzeCFD.Izvi zvichatibatsira kukwenenzvera uye kugadzira midziyo iripo.Kufambira mberi muCFD software kunobvumira dhizaini nekugadzirisa, uye kusikwa kweCFDs paInternet kuchawedzera kuwanikwa kwehunyanzvi.Kufambira mberi kwese uku kuchabatsira CFD kuve munda wakakura uye chishandiso chine simba cheinjiniya.Saka, kushandiswa kweCFD mukupisa engineering kuchawedzera uye nekukurumidza mune ramangwana.
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